The influence of the core structure on signal attenuation: The core structure plays a key role in high-frequency signal transmission. For the terminal wire with a solid core, the current is mainly concentrated on the surface of the conductor, which is the skin effect. As the frequency increases, the skin depth becomes shallower, the effective conductive area decreases, and the resistance increases, resulting in increased signal attenuation. The core of the multi-strand twisted wire reduces the influence of the skin effect and can reduce signal attenuation because each wire bears part of the current separately. For example, in radio frequency transmission, the terminal wire of multi-strand twisted wire can effectively improve the distance and quality of signal transmission.
The influence of the core structure on the anti-interference ability: Different core structures have different anti-interference abilities. The braided shielded core structure can effectively block external electromagnetic interference. The shielding layer is like a protective cover, short-circuiting the external interference signal to the ground, reducing the impact on the internal signal. For the core structure without shielding or with poor shielding effect, the signal is more susceptible to interference from the external electromagnetic environment, resulting in signal distortion. For example, in industrial automation scenarios with complex electromagnetic environments, the terminal wire with a braided shielded core can ensure stable signal transmission.
The influence of dielectric constant of insulating materials on signal attenuation: The dielectric constant of insulating materials is an important factor affecting signal attenuation. Insulating materials with higher dielectric constants will cause a larger capacitance effect during signal transmission, resulting in increased signal energy loss and increased attenuation. For example, traditional polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulating materials have a relatively high dielectric constant and obvious signal attenuation at high frequencies. The use of materials with low dielectric constants, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), can effectively reduce signal attenuation and improve signal transmission quality.
The influence of dielectric loss of insulating materials on signal attenuation: In addition to dielectric constants, the dielectric loss of insulating materials cannot be ignored. Dielectric loss refers to the energy consumed by insulating materials due to heat under the action of electric fields. When high-frequency signals are transmitted, insulating materials with large dielectric loss will continuously convert signal energy into heat energy, resulting in signal attenuation. Choosing insulating materials with low dielectric loss can reduce this energy loss and reduce the degree of signal attenuation.
The influence of insulating materials on the ability to resist interference: The characteristics of insulating materials not only affect signal attenuation, but also play an important role in the ability to resist interference. Materials with good insulation properties can effectively isolate external interference signals. For example, some terminal wires with special insulating coatings can enhance the shielding effect of electromagnetic interference and improve the anti-interference ability. At the same time, the weather resistance of the insulating material will also affect its anti-interference ability. In harsh environments, insulating materials with good weather resistance can maintain stable performance and ensure that signal transmission is not interfered with.
Matching of wire core and insulating material: The reasonable matching of wire core structure and insulating material is crucial. Different wire core structures need to be matched with suitable insulating materials to achieve the best signal transmission effect. For example, for terminal wires with high-speed data transmission, the use of multi-strand twisted wire cores with low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss insulating materials can effectively reduce signal attenuation, improve anti-interference ability, and ensure stable signal transmission.
Comprehensive optimization measures: In order to achieve low signal attenuation and high anti-interference ability in high-frequency signal transmission, it is necessary to comprehensively optimize the wire core structure and insulating materials. When designing terminal wires, fully consider factors such as the frequency range and electromagnetic environment of the application scenario, and select appropriate wire core structures and insulating materials. At the same time, by improving the manufacturing process, such as optimizing the twisting method of the wire core and improving the uniformity of the insulation material, the performance of the terminal wire can be further improved to meet the strict requirements of high-frequency signal transmission.
